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Document - 18 (a). Flow of Financial Resources to Commercial Sector in India () or PDF - 18 (a). Flow of Financial Resources to Commercial Sector in India ()
18 (a). Flow of Financial Resources to Commercial Sector in India
Date : Nov 24, 2025
(₹ Crore)
Source April-March Up to October 31
2023-24 2024-25 2024-25 2025-26 P
1 2 3 4 5
1 Non-Food Bank Credit 21,40,243 17,98,321 9,80,394 11,12,687
2 Non-Bank Sources (2.1+2.2) 12,63,721 17,10,459 6,43,105 8,95,813
2.1 Domestic Sources 10,20,302 13,85,609 5,04,612 6,70,531
2.1.1 Equity Issuances by Non-Financial Entities 1,35,008 3,81,161 1,80,049 1,46,487
2.1.2 Corporate Bond Issuances by Non-Financial Entities 1,67,374 1,97,795 39,201 2,25,144
2.1.3 Hybrid Instruments (REITs/ InvITs) by Non-Financial Entities 39,024 31,442 9,917 6,850
2.1.4 Commercial Paper Issuances by Non-Financial Entities 19,712 18,819 79,185 78,219
2.1.5 Credit by Housing Finance Companies (Net of Bank Borrowings) 1,41,816 1,34,852 -48,506 -9,618
2.1.6 Credit by RBI-regulated All India Financial Institutions 73,386 99,501 4,617 -28,888
2.1.7 Credit by Non-Banking Financial Companies (Net of Bank Borrowings) 4,43,982 5,22,037 2,40,150 2,52,338
2.2 Foreign Sources 2,43,419 3,24,850 1,38,493 2,25,282
2.2.1 External Commercial Borrowings by Non-Financial Entities 27,916 19,201 -792 25,475
2.2.2 ADR/GDR by Non-Financial Entities 0 0 0 0
2.2.3 Short-term Credit from Abroad -6,741 58,860 18,583 6,147
2.2.4 Foreign Direct Investment to India 2,22,244 2,46,788 1,20,702 1,93,660
3 Total Flow of Resources (1+2) 34,03,964 35,08,780 16,23,499 20,08,500
P: Provisional.
The coverage of data for columns 4 and 5 from Sources No.:
2.1.1, 2.1.2, 2.1.3, 2.1.5, 2.1.6, 2.1.7, 2.2.1 and 2.2.2: Up to September.
2.2.3: Up to June.
2.2.4: Up to August.
Notes: i. Non-food bank credit pertains to scheduled commercial banks (SCBs) and excludes credit extended by co-operative banks.
ii. Credit extended by banks, NBFCs and HFCs is inclusive of personal loans.
iii. Data on all items are presented on net basis, except equity and hybrid instruments which are on gross basis.
iv. All India Financial Institutions (AIFIs) include National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD), National Housing Bank (NHB), Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI), Export-Import Bank of India (EXIM Bank), and National Bank for Financing Infrastructure and Development (NaBFID). Credit extended by AIFIs excludes refinancing to SCBs, NBFCs, and HFCs, and direct loans to domestic and foreign governments/institutions.
v. Data pertaining to HDFC Limited, which merged with HDFC Bank effective from July 1, 2023, is included under credit by Housing Finance Companies prior to its merger while it is included under bank credit post-merger.
vi. Data on credit by Housing Finance Companies (HFCs) and Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) has been adjusted for the conversion of some HFCs into NBFCs.
Sources: RBI; SEBI; AIFIs; and RBI staff estimates.

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