SOCIAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS (Table 1-12)

Tables 1-7 are based on Census since 1951. Some states are the creation of recent years, therefore, data for such states have been worked out by interpolation.

Table 8: Birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year per 1,000 population.

Table 9: Death rate indicates the number of deaths occurring during the year per 1,000 population.

Table 10: Life expectancy is the average number of years that is likely to be lived by an infant exposed to the same mortality conditions until they die.

Table 11

1. For the years 1993-94 and 1999-00:

1. Poverty ratio of Assam is used for Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Manipur, Nagaland, and Tripura;

2. Poverty ratio of Tamil Nadu is used for Pondicherry and Andaman & Nicobar Islands;

3. Poverty ratio of Kerala is used for Lakshadweep, poverty ratio of Goa is used for Daman & Diu;

4. Poverty line of Maharashtra and expenditure distribution of Goa is used to estimate poverty ratio of Goa, and Poverty ratio and poverty line of Himachal Pradesh is used for Jammu & Kashmir for 1993-94 and 1999-00, respectively.

2. Population as on 1st March 2010 has been used for estimating number of persons below poverty line (interpolated between 2001 and 2011 population Census)

3. Population as on 1st March 2012 has been used for estimating number of persons below poverty line (2011 Census Population extrapolated).

4. Poverty line of Tamil Nadu has been used for Andaman and Nicobar Island.

5. Urban Poverty Line of Punjab has been used for both rural and urban areas of Chandigarh.

6. Poverty Line of Maharashtra has been used for Dadra & Nagar Haveli.

7. Poverty Line of Goa has been used for Daman & Diu.

8. Poverty Line of Kerala has been used for Lakshadweep.

Table 12: Infant mortality rate is the number of deaths of children less than one year of age per 1000 live births.

STATE DOMESTIC PRODUCT (Table 13-42)

Table 13-42

The data on Net State Domestic Product (NSDP) and Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) are given at factor cost at constant and current prices. The estimate of net state domestic product is arrived at by deducting the consumption of fixed capital from the gross state domestic product for each sector. NSDP at factor cost at constant prices arrived at by deducting the consumption of fixed capital from the gross state domestic product for each sector.

Table 33-34

Data on Industry consists of: (1) Mining & Quarrying, (2) Manufacturing (i. Registered, and ii. Unregistered), (3) Construction, (4) Electricity, Gas and Water Supply.

Table 39-42

Data on Services consists of: (1) Transport, Storage & Communication, (2) Trade, Hotels and Restaurants, (3) Banking & Insurance, (4) Real estate, Ownership of Dwellings and Business Services; (5) Public Administration, and (6) Other Services.

AGRICULTURE (Table 43-75)

Table 43-75

Yield

Yield rate is defined as production per unit of area. However, yield rates of various crops may not exactly tally with the ratio of production to the corresponding area because figures of area and production of various crops have been generally rounded off in tens and thousands.

Net Area Sown

This represents the total area sown with crops and orchards. Area sown more than once in the same year is counted only once.

Gross Cropped Area

This represents the total area sown once and/or more than once in a particular year, i.e. the area is counted as many times as there are sowings in a year. This total area is also known as total cropped area or total area sown.

Irrigated Area

The area is assumed to be irrigated for cultivation through such sources as canals (Government and Private), tanks, tube-wells, other wells and other sources.

Gross Irrigated Area: It is the total area under crops, irrigated once and/or more than once in a year. It is counted as many times as the number of times the areas are cropped and irrigated in a year.

Net Irrigated Area: It is the area irrigated through any source once in a year for a particular crop.

Cropping Intensity

It is the ratio of Net Area Sown to the Total Cropped Area.

Nine Oilseeds

Wherever “Nine oilseeds” is mentioned in this publication, it includes castor seed, groundnut, linseed, niger seed, safflower, sesamum, soya bean, sunflower and rapeseed and mustard (R&M).

Total Oilseeds

Total oilseeds include cottonseed and coconut besides nine oilseeds mentioned above.

(For details please see ‘Agricultural Statistics At A Glance’, Ministry of Agriculture, and Government of India)

INDUSTRY (Table 76-98)

Table 76-98

Fixed Capital represents the depreciated value of fixed assets owned by the factory as on the closing day of the accounting year. Fixed assets are those that have a normal productive life of more than one year.

Fixed capital includes land including lease- hold land, buildings, plant and machinery, furniture and fixtures, transport equipment, water system and roadways and other fixed assets such as hospitals, schools, etc. used for the benefit of the factory personnel.

Table 78

Working Capital is the sum total of the physical working capital as already defined above and the cash deposits in hand and at bank and the net balance receivable over amounts payable at the end of the accounting year. Working capital, however, excludes unused overdraft facility, fixed deposits (irrespective of duration), advances for acquisition of fixed assets, loans and advances by proprietors and partners (irrespective of their purpose and duration), long-term loans (including interest thereon) and investments.

Table 79

Physical working capital is the total inventories comprising of raw materials and components, fuels and lubricants, spares, stores and others, semi-finished goods and finished goods as on the closing day of the accounting year. However, it does not include the stock of the materials, fuels, stores, etc. supplied by others to the factory for processing and finished goods processed by the factory from raw materials supplied by others.

Table 80

Productive capital is the total of fixed capital and working capital.

Table 81

Invested capital is the total of fixed capital and physical working capital.

Table 87

Net Value Added is arrived by deducting total input and depreciation from total output.

Table 88

Gross Value Added comprises total ex-factory value of products and by-products manufactured as well as other receipts such as receipts from non-industrial services rendered to others, work done for others on material supplied by them, value of electricity produced and sold, sale value of goods sold in the same condition as purchased, addition in stock of semi- finished goods and own construction.

Table 90

Gross fixed capital formation is the increment to the value of goods and services that is contributed by the factory and is obtained by deducting the value of total inputs and depreciation from gross value of output.

INFRASTRUCTURE (Table 99 to 106)

Table 99 to 106

Per capita availability of power is calculated as a ratio of availability of power to the population census for each state published by the Government of India.

The method used for per capita availability is detailed below:

i) Per capita availability for 2004-05 to 2010-11 was calculated based on the census data of 2001 for all States.

ii) Per capita availability for 2011-12 to 2015-16 was calculated based on the census data of 2011 other than the States of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.

iii) Per capita availability for 2014-15 and 2015-16 for the States of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana were calculated based on the population figures of 2014 from their respective Governments’ portal.

Table 101

Installed Capacity means the summation of guaranteed rated capacity of the generating units at rated head, or the capacity as decided in consultation with the Authority from time to time considering the uprating, de-rating etc. The installed Capacity of Andhra Pradesh has been bifurcated in the ratio of 53.89 and 46.11 among Telangana and New Andhra Pradesh, respectively.

BANKING SECTOR (Table 107-118)

Table 107-108

Deposits and Credit of scheduled commercial banks in India are as per return under Section 42(2) of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 and relate to the last Friday of the reference period.

Credit to Deposit ratio is the ratio of how much a bank lends out of the deposits it has mobilised. It indicates how much of a bank’s core funds are being used for lending.

Table 112-113

Credit to Agriculture is bifurcated into two categories viz. Direct Finance and Indirect Finance. The total Credit to Agriculture is calculated across Rural, Semi-Urban, Urban and Metropolitan centres of the states over time. Similarly, the credit to Industry has many sub categories (see BSR, RBI various issues), which is calculated across Rural, Semi-Urban, Urban and Metropolitan centres of the states over time.

Table 114

Personal loans by Scheduled Commercial Banks has three categories viz., Loans for Purchase of Consumer Durables, Loans for Housing and rest of the personal loans. This table is compiled across Rural, Semi- Urban, Urban and Metropolitan centres of the states over time.

FISCAL INDICATORS (Table 119-129)

Table 119-128

Gross Fiscal Deficit (GFD) is the excess of total expenditure (including loans net of recovery) over revenue receipts (including external grants) and non-debt capital receipts. Since 1999-2000, GFD excludes States’ share in small savings as per the new system of accounting.

Revenue deficit denotes the difference between revenue receipts and revenue expenditure.

Table 129

Methodology for Debt Statistics

The Reserve Banks’ Study 2005-06 has compiled a consistent data series for outstanding liabilities of State Governments. The expanded coverage of items is given below. The revised series also includes reserve funds, deposits and advances and contingency funds of State Governments. The debt series has been compiled by taking the data provided by the CAG in ‘Combined Finances and Revenue Accounts of Union and State Governments in India’. In the absence of data for any particular head in the said publication, corresponding data from the State Budgets have been incorporated.

The item-wise outstanding liabilities as at end-March 2000 of the 3 bifurcated States (Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh) have been apportioned to the respective 3 newly formed States (Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Uttaranchal) in their respective population ratios to facilitate research.

The Combined Finance and Revenue Accounts of Union and State Governments in India published by the Comptroller and Auditor General of India, State Budgets and data from the Reserve Bank records have been utilised for compiling the data series on debt.

Revised Coverage

The revised coverage used in the compilation of the new debt series for States is as follows. Total Outstanding Liabilities comprises of various account items under consolidated fund, public account and contingency fund.

I. Consolidated Fund

Public Debt

a) Open Market Borrowings,

b) Borrowings from Banks and FIs,

c) Special Securities issued to NSSF,

d) Bonds/Debentures which are issued by the State Governments,

e) Loans from the Centre, and

f) Others.

Ways and Means Advances and Overdrafts from RBI

II. Public Accounts

a) State Provident Funds,

b) Small Savings, Insurance and Pension Funds, Trust and Endowments, etc.,

c) Deposits and Advances,

d) Reserve Funds/Sinking Funds, and

e) Other Items in Public Accounts.