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Date : Dec 11, 2025

Notes on Tables

SOCIAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS (Table 1-13)

Table 1:

Gross Enrolment Ratio indicates total enrolment in a particular level of education, regardless of age, expressed as percentage of the population of the official age- group which corresponds to the given level of school education in a given school year.

Table 2:

The birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year per 1,000 population.

Table 3:

The death rate indicates the number of deaths occurring during the year per 1,000 population.

Table 4:

Infant mortality rate is the number of deaths of children less than one year of age per 1000 live births.

Table 7:

Life expectancy is the average number of years that is likely to be lived by an infant exposed to the same mortality conditions until they die.
Data pertain to quinquennial surveys.

Table 10:

The Headcount ratio indicates the proportion of multi-dimensionally poor in the population, which is arrived at by dividing number of multidimensionally poor persons by total population.
The Intensity represents the average proportion of deprivations which is experienced by multidimensionally poor individuals. To compute intensity, the weighted deprivation scores of all poor people are summed and then divided by the total number of poor people.
Multi-dimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is arrived at by multiplying the headcount ratio and the intensity of poverty, reflecting both the share of people in poverty and the degree to which they are deprived.

Table 12:

The Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) compares the enrolment in a specific level of education to the population of the age-group which is most age-appropriate for that level of education. For example, the GER of primary is student enrolment in class 1 to 5 expressed as a percentage of population in age group 6-10 years.
The Gender Parity Index (GPI) of GER shows whether the representation of females in school education is in line with representation of girls in population of corresponding age group. GPI value of 1 or more shows that the GPI is favorable to the girls, while GPI of less than 1 shows relative under representation of girls in that specific level of school education.

Table 13:

The data on domestic tourist visits are published annually in the Tourism Data Compendium report (earlier India Tourism Statistics) of Ministry of Tourism. The ministry compiles the number of Domestic Tourist Visits to different States and Union Territories (UTs) based on the information received from them. The compilation of domestic tourism statistics is undertaken by the Departments of Tourism of State Governments /UT Administrations. These statistics are generally based on the monthly returns collected from hotels and other accommodation establishments. All India trends and data obtained from other administrative sources like Bureau of Immigration are also used to estimate domestic and foreign tourist visits to the States/UTs, wherever required.

Definition of Domestic Tourists:

A domestic tourist is a person who travels within the country to a place other than his usual place of residence and stays at hotels or other accommodation establishments run on commercial basis or in dharamshalas / sarais / musafirkhanas / agrashalas / choultries etc. for a duration of not less than 24 hours or one night and for not more than 12 months at a time for any of the following purposes: -

Pleasure (holiday, leisure, sports, etc.);
Pilgrimage, religious and social functions;
Business conferences and meetings; and
Study and health.

The following are not regarded as domestic tourists:

Persons arriving with or without a contract to take up an occupation or engage in activities remunerated from within the State/Centre.
Persons coming to establish more or less permanent residence in the State/ Centre.
Persons visiting their hometowns or native places on leave or a short visit for meeting relations and friends, attending social and religious functions etc. and staying in their own homes or with relatives and friends and not using any sightseeing facilities.
Foreigners resident in India.

HEALTH (Table 14-18)

Table 14-15:

Anaemia is identified with Haemoglobin <11.0 g/dl (grams per decilitre). Among children, prevalence is adjusted for altitude. Among adults, prevalence is adjusted for altitude and smoking status, if known. As NFHS-5 uses the capillary blood for estimation of anaemia, the results of NFHS-5 need not be compared with other surveys using venous blood.

Table 16:

The Table refers to the Doctors and Specialists in Community Health Centers (CHCs) in Rural Area.

Table 18:

The State-wise public expenditure on health highlights the Public expenditure on medical and public health, Family welfare and others.

STATE DOMESTIC PRODUCT (Table 19-52)

Table 19-52:

The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MOSPI) decided to merge the Central Statistical Office (CSO) and the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) into National Statistical Office (NSO) effective May 23, 2019.
For the years 2011-12 till 2018-19, figures relate to Jammu and Kashmir & Ladakh and for the years 2019-20 to 2024-25, relate to UT of Jammu and Kashmir.
Ladakh has been included for the first time from 2022-23 onwards. The figures are available only at current prices.

Table 19-24:

In the 2011-12 series, GSDP and NSDP are at market prices.

Table 29-32:

The data pertain to crops.

Table 41-44:

Data on Industry comprise: (1) Mining & Quarrying, (2) Manufacturing (i. Registered, and ii. Unregistered), (3) Construction, (4) Electricity, Gas, Water Supply & Other Utility Services.

Table 45-48:

The data pertain to financial services. Compared to banking and insurance of the earlier series, the coverage of the financial sector in new series has been expanded by including stock brokers, stock exchanges, asset management companies, mutual funds, and pension funds, as well as the regulatory bodies, SEBI, PFRDA, and IRDA.

Table 49-52:

Data on Services consists of: (1) Transport, Storage, Communication & Services related to Broadcasting, (2) Trade, Repair, Hotels and Restaurants, (3) Financial Services, (4) Real estate, Ownership of Dwellings & Professional Services; (5) Public Administration, and (6) Other Services.

AGRICULTURE AND ALLIED (Table 53-98)

Table 53-88:

Yield

Yield rate is defined as production per unit of area. The yield estimates of major crops are obtained through analysis of Crop Cutting Experiments (CCE) conducted under scientifically designed General Crop Estimation Surveys (GCES).

Net Area Sown

This represents the total area sown with crops and orchards. Area sown more than once in the same year is counted only once.

Gross Cropped Area

This represents the total area sown once and/or more than once in a particular year, i.e. the area is counted as many times as there are sowings in a year. This total area is also known as total cropped area or total area sown.

Irrigated Area

The area is assumed to be irrigated for cultivation through sources such as canals (Government and Private), tanks, tube-wells, other wells and other sources.

Gross Irrigated Area

It is the total area under crops, irrigated once and/or more than once in a year. It is counted as many times as the number of times the areas are cropped and irrigated in a year.

Net Irrigated Area

It is the area irrigated through any source once in a year for a particular crop.

Cropping Intensity

It is the ratio of Total Cropped Area to the Net Sown Area.

Nine Oilseeds

Wherever “Nine oilseeds” is mentioned in this publication, it includes castor seed, groundnut, linseed, niger seed, safflower, sesame, soya bean, sunflower, and rapeseed-mustard (R&M).

Table 89:

This table replaces Table 94: State-wise Per Hectare Consumption of Fertiliser (N+P+K) (2004-05 to 2020-21), of Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2023-24, as the source publication has discontinued providing per hectare consumption of fertiliser since 2022 and now provides only total consumption of fertiliser.

ENVIRONMENT (Table 99-107)

Table 105:

The expenditure on relief on Natural Calamities indicates the revenue expenditure on relief on Natural Calamities.

Table 107:

Ground Water Resource Assessment is carried out at periodical intervals jointly by State Ground Water Departments and Central Ground Water Board under the guidance of the respective State Level Committee on Ground Water Assessment at State Levels and under the overall supervision of the Central Level Expert Group (CLEG). Such joint exercises have been taken up earlier in 1980, 1995, 2004, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2017, 2020 and 2022. From 2022, the exercise is being carried out annually.

PRICES AND WAGES (Table 108-115)

Table 112-115:

Average annual wage rate has been calculated using the average of monthly wage rates available for that year.

INDUSTRY (Table 116-137)

Table 117:

Fixed capital represents the depreciated value of fixed assets owned by the factory as on the closing day of the accounting year. Fixed assets are those that have a normal productive life of more than one year. Fixed capital includes land including lease- hold land, buildings, plant and machinery, furniture and fixtures, transport equipment, water system and roadways and other fixed assets such as hospitals, schools, etc. used for the benefit of the factory personnel.

Table 118:

Working capital is the sum total of physical working capital, cash deposits in hand and at bank and the net balance receivable over amounts payable at the end of the accounting year. Working capital, however, excludes unused overdraft facility, fixed deposits (irrespective of duration), advances for acquisition of fixed assets, loans and advances by proprietors and partners (irrespective of their purpose and duration), long-term loans (including interest thereon) and investments.

Table 119:

Physical working capital is the total inventories comprising raw materials and components, fuels and lubricants, spares, stores and others, semi-finished goods and finished goods as on the closing day of the accounting year. However, it does not include the stock of materials, fuels, stores, etc. supplied by others to the factory for processing and finished goods processed by the factory from raw materials supplied by others.

Table 120:

Productive capital is the total of fixed capital and working capital.

Table 121:

Invested capital is the total of fixed capital and physical working capital.

Table 127:

Net Value Added is arrived at by deducting total input costs and depreciation from total value of output.

Table 128:

Gross Value Added (GVA) is the value of output less the value of intermediate consumption. Value added represents the contribution of labour and capital to the production process. When the value of taxes on products (less subsidies on products) is added, the sum of value added for all resident units gives the value of gross domestic product.

Table 130:

Gross Fixed Capital formation refers to the net increase in physical assets (investment minus disposals) within the measurement period. It comprises total ex-factory value of products and by-products manufactured as well as other receipts such as receipts from non-industrial services rendered to others, work done for others using materials supplied by them, value of electricity produced and sold, sale value of goods sold in the same condition as purchased, addition in stock of semi- finished goods and own construction.

INFRASTRUCTURE (Table 138 to 151)

Table 138:

Per capita availability of power is calculated as a ratio of availability of power to the population census for each state published by the Government of India.

The method used for per capita availability is detailed below:

Per capita availability for 2004-05 to 2010-11 was calculated based on the census population data of 2001 for all States.
Per capita availability for 2011-12 to 2024-25 was calculated based on the Report of the Technical group of Population Projection, released by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare.

Table 140:

Installed capacity means the summation of guaranteed rated capacity of the generating units at rated head, or the capacity as decided in consultation with the Central Electricity Authority from time to time considering the uprating, de-rating etc. The installed Capacity of Andhra Pradesh has been bifurcated in the ratio of 53.89 and 46.11 for Telangana and New Andhra Pradesh, respectively.

Table 141:

The data pertain to state-wise energy power requirement.

Table 142:

To meet the Anticipated Energy Requirement and Peak Demand, the availability have been worked out in consultation with power utilities in accordance with tied up generation capacity for the year. The Anticipated Power Supply Position of each State/UT has been worked out and the assessment has been discussed with the concerned utility at the fora of respective Regional Power Committee (RPC) by CEA.

BANKING (Table 152-163)

Table 152-162:

Deposits and Credit of scheduled commercial banks in India are as per returns submitted under Section 42(2) of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 and relate to the last Friday of the reference period.
Credit to Deposit ratio is the ratio of bank lending to deposits. It indicates how much of a bank’s core funds are being used for lending.

Table 157-158:

Credit to agriculture is bifurcated into two categories viz., direct finance and indirect finance. The total Credit to Agriculture is calculated across Rural, Semi-Urban, Urban and Metropolitan centres of the states over time. Similarly, credit to Industry has many sub categories (see BSR, RBI various issues), which is calculated across Rural, Semi-Urban, Urban and Metropolitan centres of the states over time.

Table 159:

Personal loans by scheduled commercial banks comprise three categories viz., Loans for Purchase of Consumer Durables, Loans for Housing and others. This table is compiled across Rural, Semi-Urban, Urban and Metropolitan centres of the states over time.

Table 161-162:

Credit figures for Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) for the period 2004–18 are sourced from Table 2.2 of the BSR-1 in the Database on Indian Economy (DBIE). For the years 2019–25, data are taken from Table 2.12 of the BSR-1 in the DBIE.

FISCAL (Table 164-180)

Table 164-175:

Gross fiscal deficit (GFD) is the excess of total expenditure (including loans net of recovery) over revenue receipts (including external grants) and non-debt capital receipts. Since 1999-2000, GFD excludes States’ share in small savings as per the new system of accounting.
Revenue deficit denotes the difference between revenue receipts and revenue expenditure.

Table 176:

Methodology for Debt Statistics

The Reserve Bank has compiled (since 2005-06) a consistent data series for outstanding liabilities of state Governments. The revised series also includes reserve funds, deposits and advances and contingency funds of the state Governments. The debt series has been compiled by taking the data provided by the CAG in ‘Combined Finances and Revenue Accounts of Union and State Governments in India’. In the absence of data for any particular head in the said publication, corresponding data from the State Budgets have been incorporated.
The item-wise outstanding liabilities as at End-March 2000 of the 3 bifurcated States (Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh) have been apportioned to the respective 3 newly formed States (Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Uttarakhand) in their respective population ratios to facilitate research.
The Combined Finance and Revenue Accounts of the Union Government and State Governments in India published by the Comptroller and Auditor General of India, State Budgets and data from the Reserve Bank records have been utilised for compiling the data series on debt.

Revised Coverage

The revised coverage used in the compilation of the new debt series for the states is as follows: Total outstanding liabilities comprise various accounts items under the consolidated fund, public accounts and contingency fund.

I. Consolidated Fund

Public Debt

Open Market Borrowings,
Borrowings from Banks and FIs,
Special Securities issued to NSSF,
Bonds/Debentures which are issued by the state Governments,
Loans from the Centre, and
Others.

II. Public Accounts

State Provident Funds,
Small Savings, Insurance and Pension Funds, Trust and Endowments, etc.,
Deposits and Advances,
Reserve Funds/Sinking Funds, and
Other Items in Public Accounts.

Table 179:

The channel of NPS is available to all of the citizens of India on a voluntary basis since May 1, 2009.

Table 180:

The Government of India introduced a pension scheme called the Atal Pension Yojana (APY), with effect from 1st June, 2015, pursuant to the announcement in the budget for 2015-16 on creating a universal social security system for all Indians, especially the poor, the underprivileged and the workers in the unorganised sector. APY is being administered by the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) under the overall administrative and institutional architecture of the National Pension System (NPS).

EXTERNAL (Table 181 - 182)

Table 181:

State-wise export figures are compiled on the basis of the state-of-origin code reported by the exporters in the shipping bills. The export figures compiled from the daily trade returns received from the Customs are subjected to the certain reporting limitations as highlighted by DGCI&S (https://ftddp.dgciskol.gov.in/dgcis/disclaimer.html).

Table 182:

The data on foreign tourist visits are published annually in the Tourism Data Compendium report (earlier India Tourism Statistics) of Ministry of Tourism. The ministry compiles the number of Foreign Tourist Visits to different States and Union Territories (UTs) based on the information received from them. These statistics are generally based on the monthly returns collected from hotels and other accommodation establishments. All India trends and data obtained from other administrative sources like Bureau of Immigration are also used to estimate foreign tourist visits to the States/UTs, wherever required.

Definition of Foreign Tourists:

A foreign tourist is a person visiting India on a foreign passport, staying at least 24 hours in the country, the purpose of whose journey can be classified under one of the following headings:

Leisure (recreation, holiday, health, study, religion and support);
Business, family mission, meeting.

The following are not regarded as ‘foreign tourists’:

Person arriving with or without a contract, to take up an occupation or engage in activities remunerated from within the country;
Persons coming to establish residence in the country;
“Same Day Visitors” i.e. temporary visitors staying less than twenty-four hours in the country (including travellers on cruises).