| APPENDIX TABLE 1: MACROECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL INDICATORS (Concld.) |
| Item | Average 2003-04 to 2007-08 (5 years) | Average 2009-10 to 2013-14 (5 years) | 2016-17 | 2017-18 | 2018-19 |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| VI. External Sector | | | | | |
| VI.1 Balance of Payments | | | | | |
| a) Merchandise Exports (% change) | 25.3 | 12.2 | 5.2 | 10.3 | 9.1 |
| b) Merchandise Imports (% change) | 32.3 | 9.7 | -1.0 | 19.5 | 10.3 |
| c) Trade Balance/GDP (%) | -5.5 | -9.1 | -4.9 | -6.0 | -6.6 |
| d) Invisible Balance/GDP (%) | 5.2 | 5.8 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.5 |
| e) Current Account Balance/GDP (%) | -0.3 | -3.3 | -0.6 | -1.8 | -2.1 |
| f) Net Capital Flows/GDP (%) | 4.7 | 3.8 | 1.6 | 3.4 | 2.0 |
| g) Reserve Changes [(BoP basis) (US$ billion)] [(Increase (-)/Decrease (+)] | 40.3 | -6.6 | -21.6 | -43.6 | 3.3 |
| VI.2 External Debt Indicators | | | | | |
| a) External Debt Stock (US$ billion) | 156.5 | 359.0 | 471.0 | 529.3 | 543.0 |
| b) Debt-GDP Ratio (%) | 17.8 | 20.9 | 19.9 | 20.1 | 19.7 |
| c) Import cover of Reserves (in Months) | 14.0 | 8.5 | 11.3 | 10.9 | 9.6 |
| d) Short-term Debt to Total Debt (%) | 13.6 | 21.3 | 18.7 | 19.3 | 20.0 |
| e) Debt Service Ratio (%) | 8.3 | 5.6 | 8.3 | 7.5 | 6.4 |
| f) Reserves to Debt (%) | 113.7 | 84.8 | 78.5 | 80.2 | 76.0 |
| VI.3 Openness Indicators (%) | | | | | |
| a) Export plus Imports of Goods/GDP | 30.7 | 41.0 | 29.4 | 29.3 | 31.4 |
| b) Export plus Imports of Goods & Services/GDP | 41.3 | 53.2 | 40.7 | 41.1 | 43.7 |
| c) Current Receipts plus Current Payments/GDP | 47.1 | 59.4 | 46.2 | 46.5 | 49.5 |
| d) Gross Capital Inflows plus Outflows/GDP | 37.3 | 50.4 | 46.5 | 45.1 | 37.9 |
| e) Current Receipts & Payments plus Capital Receipts & Payments/GDP | 84.4 | 109.8 | 92.7 | 91.6 | 87.4 |
| VI.4 Exchange Rate Indicators | | | | | |
| a) Exchange Rate (Rupee/US$) | | | | | |
| End of Period | 43.1 | 51.1 | 64.8 | 65.0 | 69.2 |
| Average | 44.1 | 51.2 | 67.1 | 64.5 | 69.9 |
| b) 36 - Currency REER (% change) | 3.1^ | 0.8 | 2.2 | 4.5 | -4.8 |
| c) 36 - Currency NEER (% change) | 1.7^ | -4.9 | -0.1 | 3.1 | -5.6 |
| d) 6 - Currency REER (% change) | 4.4^ | 1.9 | 2.0 | 3.2 | -5.8 |
| e) 6 - Currency NEER (% change) | 1.6^ | -5.4 | -1.0 | 1.6 | -7.1 |
_: Not Available.
* : Data are at 2011-12 base.
** : Data for average 2003-04 to 2007-08 and 2009-10 to 2013-14 are spliced on 2011-12 base year. For 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19, data are based on the new series with base year 2011-12.
# : Base year for WPI is 2011-12=100 for annual data and 2004-05=100 for average of 5 years inflation.
## : Data for column 2 pertains to April 13, 2007 to March 28, 2008.
### : Outright trading turnover in central government dated securities (based on calendar days).
~ : LAF outstanding as on March 31 (negative means injection).
~~ : Outstanding as on last Friday of the financial year.
$ : Outstanding as on March 31.
& : Data for 2018-19 are Provisional Accounts.
&& : Data for 2017-18 onwards are provisional and pertain to budgets of 27 states.
^ : Average of period 2005-06 to 2007-08.
Note : Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) are based on CPI (combined).
Source : RBI, National Statistical Office, Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare, Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Food Corporation of India (FCI), Labour Bureau and Budget documents of the central and state governments. |