Today, the Reserve Bank released the results1 of fourteenth round of its biennial survey on foreign collaboration in Indian industry (FCS) covering the financial years 2021-22 and 2022-23. This survey captures information on financial parameters and operations of the Indian companies having technical collaboration with foreign companies during the reference period, as per the attached schedule. Out of the 709 Indian entities that participated in the latest survey round, 674 foreign technical collaboration (FTC) agreements were reported by 356 entities, of which, 221 had also responded in the previous survey round. Highlights: -
Foreign direct investment (FDI) companies accounted for an overwhelming majority of the FTCs: foreign subsidiaries (i.e., single foreign investor holding over 50 per cent of total equity) and foreign associate companies (i.e., foreign investors’ equity holding ranging between 10-50 per cent) reported 71 per cent and 18 per cent of the FTC agreements, respectively (Table 1). -
Among economic sectors, manufacturing and services sectors accounted for 78 per cent and 17 per cent of the total reported FTCs, respectively; machinery, transport equipments, chemicals and chemical products together accounted for over 40 per cent share in the manufacturing sector (Table 2). -
Japan, the United States of America (USA) and Germany remained the top three source country for technology transfer, as per the survey respondents (Table 3). -
Over two-third of the FTC agreements involved technology know-how transfer or use of trademarks / brand names by foreign collaborators (Table 4). -
Royalty payments was payment mode for over 70 per cent of the FTCs, with some having additional clauses for lump-sum technical fees (Table 5). -
Of the 674 reported FTC agreements, 198 had export restriction clauses and 217 had provision for exclusive rights on assets transferred under the pacts (Tables 6 and 8). -
In terms of partner countries, technical collaborations with Japan continued to have the maximum export restriction clauses built into them, followed by the USA and Germany among the source countries for technology transfer (Table 7). -
Companies with FTC agreements for motor vehicles sectors had the highest share in total production of FTC companies; motor vehicles sector recorded 28.4 per cent production growth during 2022-23 as against 24.3 per cent growth registered by all FTC companies (Table 9). -
Exports and imports of FTC reporting companies grew by 19.8 per cent and 26.5 per cent, respectively, in 2022-23 - they had 13.6 per cent and 24.0 per cent shares, respectively, in the total value of production (Tables 10 and 11). -
Average profitability of FTC reporting companies, measured by the ratio of gross profit to capital employed, stood at 10.5 per cent in the current survey round (Table 12). Ajit Prasad
Director (Communications) Press Release: 2023-2024/1210
| Table 1: Company Group-wise Number of Companies having Foreign Technical Collaboration: 2021-23 | | Company Group | No of Companies | | Foreign Subsidiary | 254 | | Foreign Associate | 63 | | Pure Technical Collaboration | 8 | | Others (Foreign Equity less than 10 per cent or only outward investment) | 31 | | Total | 356 |
| Table 2: Industry-wise Distribution of Agreements of Foreign Technical Collaboration (FTC) Companies | | Industry | Thirteenth Round
(2019-20 to 2020-21) | Fourteenth Round
(2021-22 to 2022-23) | | Number | % in Total | Number | % in Total | | A. Agriculture-related, Plantation and Allied activities | 5 | 0.5 | 6 | 0.9 | | B. Mining & Quarrying | - | - | - | - | | C. Manufacturing | 718 | 77.3 | 529 | 78.4 | | Food Products | 11 | 1.2 | 2 | 0.3 | | Beverages and Tobacco products | 2 | 0.2 | 1 | 0.2 | | Textiles | 5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.2 | | Wearing Apparel | 2 | 0.2 | 2 | 0.3 | | Leather & related products | 3 | 0.3 | 1 | 0.1 | | Wood & products of wood and cork, except furniture | - | - | - | - | | Printing and reproduction of recorded media | 1 | 0.1 | - | - | | Coke and refined petroleum products | 4 | 0.4 | 4 | 0.6 | | Chemicals and chemical products | 56 | 6.0 | 46 | 6.8 | | Pharmaceuticals, medicinal chemical and botanical products | 35 | 3.8 | 6 | 0.9 | | Rubber and plastics products | 37 | 4.0 | 25 | 3.7 | | Other Non-metallic mineral products | 9 | 1.0 | 10 | 1.5 | | Fabricated metal products; except machinery and equipment | 27 | 2.9 | 11 | 1.6 | | Computer, electronic and optical products | 15 | 1.6 | 5 | 0.7 | | Electrical equipment | 29 | 3.1 | 21 | 3.1 | | Machinery and equipment not elsewhere classified | 137 | 14.8 | 93 | 13.8 | | Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers | 83 | 8.9 | 76 | 11.3 | | Other transport equipment | 57 | 6.2 | 29 | 4.3 | | Other manufacturing | 205 | 22.1 | 196 | 29.0 | | D. Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply | 1 | 0.1 | 3 | 0.4 | | E. Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities | 4 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.2 | | F. Construction | 24 | 2.6 | 21 | 3.1 | | G. Services | 177 | 19.1 | 114 | 17.0 | | Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles | 6 | 0.6 | 8 | 1.2 | | Repair and installation of machinery and equipment | 8 | 0.9 | 14 | 2.1 | | Accommodation and Food service activities | 8 | 0.9 | - | - | | Information and communication | 27 | 2.9 | 7 | 1.0 | | Financial and insurance activities | 22 | 2.4 | 14 | 2.1 | | Real estate activities | - | - | 1 | 0.2 | | Scientific research and development | 2 | 0.2 | 1 | 0.2 | | Other service activities | 104 | 11.2 | 69 | 10.2 | | Total | 929 | 100.0 | 674 | 100.0 | Note: 1. Components may not add up to the total due to rounding off.
2. – : Nil / negligible.
(These are applicable for all tables) |
| Table 3: Country-wise Distribution of Agreements of FTC Companies | | Country | Thirteenth Round
(2019-20 to 2020-21) | Fourteenth Round
(2021-22 to 2022-23) | | Number | % in Total | Number | % in Total | | Japan | 287 | 30.9 | 236 | 35.0 | | United States of America | 124 | 13.4 | 87 | 12.9 | | Germany | 128 | 13.8 | 73 | 10.8 | | South Korea | 44 | 4.7 | 41 | 6.1 | | Italy | 47 | 5.1 | 29 | 4.3 | | France | 57 | 6.1 | 29 | 4.3 | | United Kingdom | 40 | 4.3 | 20 | 3.0 | | Switzerland | 28 | 3.0 | 18 | 2.7 | | Singapore | 16 | 1.7 | 9 | 1.3 | | Others* | 158 | 17.0 | 132 | 19.6 | | Total | 929 | 100.0 | 674 | 100.0 | | * ‘Others’ include countries with less than nine FTC agreements reported in the survey round. |
| Table 4: Distribution of Agreements According to Type of Assets Transferred of FTC Companies | | Asset transferred | Thirteenth Round
(2019-20 to 2020-21) | Fourteenth Round
(2021-22 to 2022-23) | | Number | % in Total | Number | % in Total | | Know-how | 525 | 56.5 | 377 | 55.9 | | Trademark/ Brand Name | 98 | 10.5 | 76 | 11.3 | | Patent | 7 | 0.8 | 8 | 1.2 | | Others (Including combination of above) | 299 | 32.2 | 213 | 31.6 | | Total | 929 | 100.0 | 674 | 100.0 |
| Table 5: Distribution of Agreements According to Mode of Payment of FTC Companies | | Mode of Payment | Thirteenth Round
(2019-20 to 2020-21) | Fourteenth Round
(2021-22 to 2022-23) | | Number | % in Total | Number | % in Total | | Royalty | 426 | 45.9 | 299 | 44.4 | | Lump sum technical fees | 89 | 9.6 | 68 | 10.0 | | Both Royalty and Lump-sum technical fees | 190 | 20.5 | 177 | 26.3 | | Others * | 224 | 24.0 | 130 | 19.3 | | Total | 929 | 100.0 | 674 | 100.0 | | * Others include other modes of payment (other than royalty and lump-sum technical fess) for dividend; import of machinery and raw materials; technical support fees; training, communication and advertising and other similar remittances. |
| Table 6: Industry-wise Agreements with Exports Restrictive Clauses of FTC Companies | | Industry | Thirteenth Round
(2019-20 to 2020-21) | Fourteenth Round
(2021-22 to 2022-23) | | Total no. of Agreements | No. of Agreements with Export restrictive clauses | % of Agreements with Export Restrictive Clauses | Total no. of Agreements | No. of Agreements with Export restrictive clauses | % of Agreements with Export Restrictive Clauses | | A. Agriculture-related, Plantation and Allied activities | 5 | 1 | 20.0 | 6 | 1 | 16.7 | | B. Mining & Quarrying | - | - | - | - | - | - | | C. Manufacturing | 718 | 203 | 28.3 | 529 | 180 | 34.0 | | Food Products | 11 | 4 | 36.4 | 2 | 1 | 50.0 | | Beverages and Tobacco products | 2 | - | - | 1 | - | - | | Textiles | 5 | - | - | 1 | - | - | | Wearing Apparel | 2 | - | - | 2 | - | - | | Leather & related products | 3 | - | - | 1 | - | - | | Wood & products of wood and cork, except furniture | - | - | - | - | - | - | | Printing and reproduction of recorded media | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | | Coke and refined petroleum products | 4 | 2 | 50.0 | 4 | 2 | 50.0 | | Chemicals and chemical products | 56 | 12 | 21.4 | 46 | 8 | 17.4 | | Pharmaceuticals, medicinal chemical and botanical products | 35 | 16 | 45.7 | 6 | 3 | 50.0 | | Rubber and plastics products | 37 | 6 | 16.2 | 25 | 5 | 20.0 | | Other Non-metallic mineral products | 9 | 3 | 33.3 | 10 | 8 | 80.0 | | Fabricated metal products; except machinery and equipment | 27 | 6 | 22.2 | 11 | 1 | 9.1 | | Computer, electronic and optical products | 15 | 1 | 6.7 | 5 | 1 | 20.0 | | Electrical equipment | 29 | 9 | 31.0 | 21 | - | - | | Machinery and equipment not elsewhere classified | 137 | 28 | 20.4 | 93 | 35 | 37.6 | | Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers | 83 | 27 | 32.5 | 76 | 27 | 35.5 | | Other transport equipment | 57 | 25 | 43.9 | 29 | 12 | 41.4 | | Other manufacturing | 205 | 64 | 31.2 | 196 | 77 | 39.3 | | D. Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply | 1 | - | - | 3 | - | - | | E. Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities | 4 | - | - | 1 | - | - | | F. Construction | 24 | 13 | 54.2 | 21 | 11 | 52.4 | | G. Services | 177 | 17 | 9.6 | 114 | 6 | 5.3 | | Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles | 6 | - | - | 8 | - | - | | Repair and installation of machinery and equipment | 8 | - | - | 14 | 1 | 7.1 | | Accommodation and Food service activities | 8 | 3 | 37.5 | - | - | - | | Information and communication | 27 | 1 | 3.7 | 7 | - | - | | Financial and insurance activities | 22 | 1 | 4.5 | 14 | 1 | 7.1 | | Real estate activities | - | - | - | 1 | - | - | | Scientific research and development | 2 | - | - | 1 | - | - | | Other service activities | 104 | 12 | 11.5 | 69 | 4 | 5.8 | | Total | 929 | 234 | 25.2 | 674 | 198 | 29.4 |
| Table 7: Country-wise Distribution of Agreements with Exports Restrictive Clauses of FTC Companies | | Country | Thirteenth Round
(2019-20 to 2020-21) | Fourteenth Round
(2021-22 to 2022-23) | | Total no. of Agreements | No. of Agreements with Export restrictive clauses | % of Agreement with Export Restrictive Clauses | Total no. of Agreements | No. of Agreements with Export restrictive clauses | % of Agreement with Export Restrictive Clauses | | Japan | 287 | 107 | 37.3 | 236 | 99 | 41.9 | | United States of America | 124 | 27 | 21.8 | 87 | 25 | 28.7 | | Germany | 128 | 18 | 14.1 | 73 | 16 | 21.9 | | South Korea | 44 | 5 | 11.4 | 41 | 8 | 19.5 | | Italy | 47 | 13 | 27.7 | 29 | 7 | 24.1 | | France | 57 | 14 | 24.6 | 29 | 3 | 10.3 | | United Kingdom | 40 | 8 | 20.0 | 20 | 5 | 25.0 | | Switzerland | 28 | 9 | 32.1 | 18 | 5 | 27.8 | | Singapore | 16 | 3 | 18.8 | 9 | 1 | 11.1 | | Others | 158 | 30 | 19.0 | 132 | 29 | 22.0 | | Total | 929 | 234 | 25.2 | 674 | 198 | 29.4 |
| Table 8: Industry-wise Agreements with Provision of Exclusive Rights of FTC Companies | | Industry | Thirteenth Round
(2019-20 to 2020-21) | Fourteenth Round
(2021-22 to 2022-23) | | Total no. of Agreements | No. of Agreements with Exclusive Rights | % in Total No of Agreements | Total Number of Agreements | No. of Agreements with Exclusive Rights | % in Total no. of Agreements | | A. Agriculture-related, Plantation and Allied activities | 5 | 4 | 80.0 | 6 | 5 | 83.3 | | B. Mining & Quarrying | - | - | - | - | - | - | | C. Manufacturing | 718 | 245 | 34.1 | 529 | 178 | 33.6 | | Food Products | 11 | 5 | 45.5 | 2 | 2 | 100.0 | | Beverages and Tobacco products | 2 | - | - | 1 | - | - | | Textiles | 5 | 4 | 80.0 | 1 | 1 | 100.0 | | Wearing Apparel | 2 | - | - | 2 | - | - | | Leather & related products | 3 | 1 | 33.3 | 1 | - | - | | Wood & products of wood and cork, except furniture | - | - | - | - | - | - | | Printing and reproduction of recorded media | 1 | 1 | 100.0 | - | - | - | | Coke and refined petroleum products | 4 | 2 | 50.0 | 4 | 2 | 50.0 | | Chemicals and chemical products | 56 | 23 | 41.1 | 46 | 19 | 41.3 | | Pharmaceuticals, medicinal chemical and botanical products | 35 | 18 | 51.4 | 6 | 2 | 33.3 | | Rubber and plastics products | 37 | 18 | 48.6 | 25 | 12 | 48.0 | | Other Non-metallic mineral products | 9 | 7 | 77.8 | 10 | 7 | 70.0 | | Fabricated metal products; except machinery and equipment | 27 | 10 | 37.0 | 11 | 2 | 18.2 | | Computer, electronic and optical products | 15 | 4 | 26.7 | 5 | 3 | 60.0 | | Electrical equipment | 29 | 17 | 58.6 | 21 | 7 | 33.3 | | Machinery and equipment not elsewhere classified | 137 | 51 | 37.2 | 93 | 31 | 33.3 | | Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers | 83 | 30 | 36.1 | 76 | 28 | 36.8 | | Other transport equipment | 57 | 13 | 22.8 | 29 | 16 | 55.2 | | Other manufacturing | 205 | 41 | 20.0 | 196 | 46 | 23.5 | | D. Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply | 1 | - | - | 3 | 1 | 33.3 | | E. Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities | 4 | 1 | 25.0 | 1 | - | - | | F. Construction | 24 | 16 | 66.7 | 21 | 12 | 57.1 | | G. Services | 177 | 33 | 18.6 | 114 | 21 | 18.4 | | Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles | 6 | 4 | 66.7 | 8 | 3 | 37.5 | | Repair and installation of machinery and equipment | 8 | 1 | 12.5 | 14 | 6 | 42.9 | | Accommodation and Food service activities | 8 | 5 | 62.5 | - | - | - | | Information and communication | 27 | 5 | 18.5 | 7 | 4 | 57.1 | | Financial and insurance activities | 22 | - | - | 14 | 2 | 14.3 | | Real estate activities | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | 100.0 | | Scientific research and development | 2 | 1 | 50.0 | 1 | - | - | | Other service activities | 104 | 17 | 16.3 | 69 | 5 | 7.2 | | Total | 929 | 299 | 32.2 | 674 | 217 | 32.2 |
| Table 9: Industry-wise Share in value of Production of FTC Companies | | (amount in ₹ crore) | | Industry | Value of Production | Annual Growth
(per cent) | Share in VoP (2022-23) | | 2021-22 | 2022-23 | | A. Agriculture-related, Plantation and Allied activities | 3,064 | 3,661 | 19.5 | 0.5 | | B. Mining & Quarrying | - | - | - | - | | C. Manufacturing | 3,61,862 | 4,46,386 | 23.4 | 54.6 | | Food Products | 893 | 984 | 10.2 | 0.1 | | Beverages and Tobacco products | 3,186 | 4,228 | 32.7 | 0.5 | | Textiles | 124 | 158 | 27.4 | - | | Wearing Apparel | 281 | 328 | 16.7 | - | | Leather & related products | 130 | 154 | 18.5 | - | | Wood & products of wood and cork, except furniture | - | - | - | - | | Printing and reproduction of recorded media | - | - | - | - | | Coke and refined petroleum products | 3,502 | 4,712 | 34.6 | 0.6 | | Chemicals and chemical products | 45,424 | 54,648 | 20.3 | 6.7 | | Pharmaceuticals, medicinal chemical and botanical products | 603 | 680 | 12.8 | 0.1 | | Rubber and plastics products | 4,673 | 5,623 | 20.3 | 0.7 | | Other Non-metallic mineral products | 2,541 | 3,051 | 20.1 | 0.4 | | Fabricated metal products; except machinery and equipment | 1,696 | 2,692 | 58.7 | 0.3 | | Computer, electronic and optical products | 919 | 1,172 | 27.5 | 0.1 | | Electrical equipment | 23,626 | 28,921 | 22.4 | 3.5 | | Machinery and equipment not elsewhere classified | 45,005 | 51,406 | 14.2 | 6.3 | | Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers | 1,31,463 | 1,68,735 | 28.4 | 20.7 | | Other transport equipment | 12,077 | 16,204 | 34.2 | 2.0 | | Other manufacturing | 85,719 | 1,02,690 | 19.8 | 12.6 | | D. Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply | 550 | 1,045 | 90.0 | 0.1 | | E. Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities | 2 | 1 | - | - | | F. Construction | 1,04,649 | 1,14,566 | 9.5 | 14.0 | | G. Services | 1,87,015 | 2,51,385 | 34.4 | 30.8 | | Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles | 244 | 305 | 25.0 | - | | Repair and installation of machinery and equipment | 1,062 | 1,313 | 23.6 | 0.2 | | Accommodation and Food service activities | - | - | - | - | | Information and communication | 19,344 | 33,287 | 72.1 | 4.1 | | Financial and insurance activities | 12,923 | 13,892 | 7.5 | 1.7 | | Real estate activities | 46 | 36 | -21.7 | - | | Scientific research and development | 156 | 184 | 17.9 | - | | Other service activities | 1,53,240 | 2,02,368 | 32.1 | 24.8 | | Total | 6,57,142 | 8,17,044 | 24.3 | 100.0 |
| Table 10: Industry-wise Export of FTC Companies | | (amount in ₹ crore) | | Industry | Exports | Annual Growth
(per cent) | % Share in Exports (2022-23) | | 2021-22 | 2022-23 | | A. Agriculture-related, Plantation and Allied activities | 176 | 105 | -40.3 | 0.1 | | B. Mining & Quarrying | - | - | - | - | | C. Manufacturing | 50,562 | 62,717 | 24.0 | 56.4 | | Food Products | 50 | 73 | 46.0 | 0.1 | | Beverages and Tobacco products | 562 | 955 | 69.9 | 0.9 | | Textiles | 116 | 144 | 24.1 | 0.1 | | Wearing Apparel | 128 | 120 | -6.3 | 0.1 | | Leather & related products | 130 | 154 | 18.5 | 0.1 | | Wood & products of wood and cork, except furniture | - | - | - | - | | Printing and reproduction of recorded media | - | - | - | - | | Coke and refined petroleum products | 231 | 241 | 4.3 | 0.2 | | Chemicals and chemical products | 2,390 | 2,790 | 16.7 | 2.5 | | Pharmaceuticals, medicinal chemical and botanical products | 101 | 133 | 31.7 | 0.1 | | Rubber and plastics products | 605 | 635 | 5.0 | 0.6 | | Other Non-metallic mineral products | 345 | 362 | 4.9 | 0.3 | | Fabricated metal products; except machinery and equipment | 276 | 250 | -9.4 | 0.2 | | Computer, electronic and optical products | 106 | 215 | 102.8 | 0.2 | | Electrical equipment | 3,049 | 3,981 | 30.6 | 3.6 | | Machinery and equipment not elsewhere classified | 11,490 | 13,611 | 18.5 | 12.2 | | Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers | 20,664 | 26,980 | 30.6 | 24.3 | | Other transport equipment | 1,065 | 1,429 | 34.2 | 1.3 | | Other manufacturing | 9,254 | 10,644 | 15.0 | 9.6 | | D. Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply | - | - | - | - | | E. Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities | 2 | 1 | -50.0 | - | | F. Construction | 20,332 | 18,880 | -7.1 | 17.0 | | G. Services | 21,813 | 29,545 | 35.4 | 26.5 | | Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles | 6 | 7 | 16.7 | - | | Repair and installation of machinery and equipment | 90 | 32 | -64.4 | - | | Accommodation and Food service activities | - | - | - | - | | Information and communication | 7,590 | 9,043 | 19.1 | 8.1 | | Financial and insurance activities | 4 | 14 | 250.0 | - | | Real estate activities | - | - | - | - | | Scientific research and development | - | - | - | - | | Other service activities | 14,123 | 20,449 | 44.8 | 18.4 | | Total | 92,885 | 1,11,248 | 19.8 | 100.0 |
| Table 11: Industry-wise Imports of FTC Companies | | (amount in ₹ crore) | | Industry | Imports | Annual Growth
(per cent) | Share in Imports
(2022-23) | | 2021-22 | 2022-23 | | A. Agriculture-related, Plantation and Allied activities | 169 | 188 | 11.2 | 0.1 | | B. Mining & Quarrying | - | - | - | - | | C. Manufacturing | 87,185 | 1,01,163 | 16.0 | 51.7 | | Food Products | 23 | 7 | -69.6 | - | | Beverages and Tobacco products | 220 | 312 | 41.8 | 0.2 | | Textiles | 22 | 36 | 63.6 | - | | Wearing Apparel | 118 | 160 | 35.6 | 0.1 | | Leather & related products | 48 | 49 | 2.1 | - | | Wood & products of wood and cork, except furniture | - | - | - | - | | Printing and reproduction of recorded media | - | - | - | - | | Coke and refined petroleum products | 1,143 | 1,302 | 13.9 | 0.7 | | Chemicals and chemical products | 10,745 | 12,586 | 17.1 | 6.4 | | Pharmaceuticals, medicinal chemical and botanical products | 169 | 226 | 33.7 | 0.1 | | Rubber and plastics products | 1,167 | 1,251 | 7.2 | 0.6 | | Other Non-metallic mineral products | 697 | 792 | 13.6 | 0.4 | | Fabricated metal products; except machinery and equipment | 158 | 125 | -20.9 | 0.1 | | Computer, electronic and optical products | 484 | 603 | 24.6 | 0.3 | | Electrical equipment | 5,232 | 6,598 | 26.1 | 3.4 | | Machinery and equipment not elsewhere classified | 6,738 | 6,974 | 3.5 | 3.6 | | Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers | 15,856 | 20,116 | 26.9 | 10.3 | | Other transport equipment | 2,530 | 3,569 | 41.1 | 1.8 | | Other manufacturing | 41,835 | 46,457 | 11.0 | 23.7 | | D. Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply | - | - | - | - | | E. Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities | - | - | - | - | | F. Construction | 6,667 | 6,304 | -5.4 | 3.2 | | G. Services | 60,789 | 88,169 | 45.0 | 45.0 | | Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles | 55 | 94 | 70.9 | - | | Repair and installation of machinery and equipment | 309 | 527 | 70.6 | 0.3 | | Accommodation and Food service activities | - | - | - | - | | Information and communication | 558 | 890 | 59.5 | 0.5 | | Financial and insurance activities | 4 | 10 | 150.0 | - | | Real estate activities | - | - | - | - | | Scientific research and development | 1 | 1 | - | - | | Other service activities | 59,862 | 86,647 | 44.7 | 44.2 | | Total | 1,54,810 | 1,95,824 | 26.5 | 100.0 |
| Table 12: Profitability Ratio of FTC Companies | | Survey Round | Year | Gross Profit to Capital ratio (per cent) | | Financial Year | Survey Average | | Ninth round (244) | 2010-11 | 9.8 | 10.0 | | 2011-12 | 10.1 | | Tenth Round (303) | 2012-13 | 17.0 | 14.8 | | 2013-14 | 12.6 | | Eleventh Round (306) | 2014-15 | 17.3 | 17.9 | | 2015-16 | 18.5 | | Twelfth Round (334) | 2016-17 | 14.6 | 16.0 | | 2017-18 | 17.4 | | Thirteenth Round (481) | 2019-20 | 14.6 | 11.5 | | 2020-21 | 8.4 | | Fourteenth Round (356) | 2021-22 | 10.5 | 10.5 | | 2022-23 | 10.4 | | Note: Figures in parentheses indicate the number of reporting FTC companies. |
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