| (₹ Crore) |
| Item/Year | 2019-20 | 2020-21 | 2021-22 |
| Credit | Debit | Net | Credit | Debit | Net | Credit | Debit | Net |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| A. Current account | | | | | | | | | |
| 1. Merchandise | 2270919 | 3385822 | -1114902 | 2193253 | 2946318 | -753065 | 3199115 | 4613049 | -1413934 |
| 2. Invisibles (a+b+c) | 2281179 | 1338706 | 942474 | 2278625 | 1343490 | 935135 | 2755292 | 1632174 | 1123118 |
| a) Services | 1511659 | 909278 | 602381 | 1528236 | 871336 | 656900 | 1897558 | 1096248 | 801311 |
| i) Travel | 212684 | 155741 | 56943 | 62900 | 85360 | -22460 | 67899 | 121416 | -53517 |
| ii) Transportation | 148761 | 172134 | -23373 | 162013 | 146410 | 15603 | 243582 | 267395 | -23813 |
| iii) Insurance | 17238 | 12335 | 4903 | 17625 | 15246 | 2379 | 24719 | 15468 | 9251 |
| iv) G.n.i.e. | 4677 | 7841 | -3164 | 4672 | 7594 | -2923 | 5976 | 7217 | -1241 |
| v) Miscellaneous | 1128298 | 561226 | 567072 | 1281026 | 616725 | 664301 | 1555383 | 684752 | 870630 |
| of which: Software services | 660148 | 60024 | 600124 | 741557 | 75926 | 665631 | 910096 | 93615 | 816481 |
| Business services | 324150 | 332437 | -8287 | 364553 | 367352 | -2800 | 439668 | 385257 | 54411 |
| Financial services | 33519 | 20803 | 12716 | 32166 | 35301 | -3135 | 40805 | 41900 | -1096 |
| Communication services | 19297 | 9196 | 10101 | 20791 | 10661 | 10130 | 23369 | 8416 | 14953 |
| b) Transfers | 590992 | 57786 | 533206 | 595789 | 50867 | 544922 | 665791 | 66175 | 599616 |
| i) Official | 1138 | 8296 | -7158 | 1061 | 8327 | -7266 | 1456 | 7284 | -5828 |
| ii) Private | 589854 | 49490 | 540364 | 594728 | 42540 | 552188 | 664334 | 58891 | 605444 |
| c) Income | 178528 | 371642 | -193114 | 154600 | 421288 | -266687 | 191943 | 469751 | -277808 |
| i) Investment income | 138648 | 352530 | -213882 | 110143 | 400495 | -290352 | 144554 | 446919 | -302365 |
| ii) Compensation of employees | 39880 | 19112 | 20768 | 44457 | 20793 | 23664 | 47390 | 22832 | 24557 |
| Total Current account (1+2) | 4552099 | 4724528 | -172429 | 4471878 | 4289808 | 182070 | 5954407 | 6245223 | -290816 |
| B. Capital account | | | | | | | | | |
| 1. Foreign investment (a+b) | 2614747 | 2302532 | 312215 | 2962726 | 2370869 | 591856 | 3561413 | 3400485 | 160928 |
| a) Foreign direct investment (i+ii) | 551647 | 246827 | 304820 | 639521 | 314139 | 325382 | 657396 | 369930 | 287467 |
| i) In India | 527347 | 130392 | 396955 | 607771 | 201006 | 406765 | 632047 | 213284 | 418763 |
| Equity | 366490 | 129168 | 237322 | 452767 | 200543 | 252224 | 444457 | 202679 | 241778 |
| Reinvested earnings | 100561 | 0 | 100561 | 125600 | 0 | 125600 | 144219 | 0 | 144219 |
| Other capital | 60296 | 1224 | 59072 | 29404 | 463 | 28941 | 43371 | 10605 | 32766 |
| ii) Abroad | 24300 | 116435 | -92135 | 31750 | 113133 | -81383 | 25349 | 156645 | -131296 |
| Equity | 24300 | 53771 | -29471 | 31750 | 41415 | -9665 | 25349 | 74920 | -49571 |
| Reinvested earnings | 0 | 22338 | -22338 | 0 | 22364 | -22364 | 0 | 25173 | -25173 |
| Other capital | 0 | 40326 | -40326 | 0 | 49354 | -49354 | 0 | 56551 | -56551 |
| b) Portfolio investment | 2063100 | 2055705 | 7395 | 2323205 | 2056730 | 266474 | 2904017 | 3030555 | -126539 |
| i) In India | 2015956 | 2014755 | 1200 | 2310454 | 2024824 | 285630 | 2873927 | 2980213 | -106286 |
| FIIs | 2015956 | 2014755 | 1200 | 2310454 | 2024824 | 285630 | 2873927 | 2980213 | -106286 |
| of which: | | | | | | | | | |
| Equity | 1527940 | 1532035 | -4095 | 1997201 | 1710157 | 287044 | 2556446 | 2674045 | -117599 |
| Debt | 488016 | 482720 | 5295 | 313253 | 314666 | -1414 | 317481 | 306168 | 11313 |
| GDRs/ADRs | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| ii) Abroad | 47144 | 40949 | 6194 | 12751 | 31907 | -19156 | 30090 | 50342 | -20253 |
| 2. Loans (a+b+c) | 668960 | 486712 | 182248 | 634710 | 584127 | 50583 | 787108 | 535905 | 251203 |
| a) External assistance | 66039 | 39536 | 26503 | 125583 | 42578 | 83005 | 82048 | 41891 | 40157 |
| i) By India | 56 | 803 | -747 | 284 | 611 | -327 | 379 | 481 | -102 |
| ii) To India | 65983 | 38733 | 27250 | 125299 | 41967 | 83332 | 81669 | 41410 | 40259 |
| b) Commercial borrowings | 328239 | 164791 | 163448 | 231890 | 233902 | -2012 | 224781 | 164160 | 60621 |
| ii) By India | 48723 | 39538 | 9185 | 21199 | 24085 | -2886 | 14021 | 8619 | 5403 |
| ii) To India | 279516 | 125253 | 154263 | 210691 | 209817 | 874 | 210760 | 155542 | 55218 |
| c) Short term to India | 274682 | 282385 | -7704 | 277237 | 307647 | -30411 | 480279 | 329854 | 150425 |
| i) Suppliers’ Credit >180 days & Buyers’ Credit | 264945 | 271324 | -6378 | 261995 | 296295 | -34299 | 339086 | 329854 | 9232 |
| ii) Suppliers’ credit up to 180 days | 9737 | 11062 | -1325 | 15241 | 11353 | 3889 | 141194 | 0 | 141194 |
| 3. Banking capital (a+b) | 601082 | 639907 | -38825 | 551356 | 706588 | -155231 | 766628 | 717339 | 49289 |
| a) Commercial banks | 600265 | 634474 | -34209 | 546792 | 700765 | -153973 | 763736 | 711096 | 52639 |
| i) Assets | 189723 | 222176 | -32453 | 175636 | 333005 | -157369 | 377142 | 362114 | 15028 |
| ii) Liabilities | 410542 | 412298 | -1756 | 371156 | 367760 | 3396 | 386594 | 348983 | 37611 |
| of which: Non-resident deposits | 394304 | 333182 | 61123 | 344627 | 289505 | 55121 | 338520 | 314513 | 24007 |
| b) Others | 817 | 5433 | -4616 | 4564 | 5823 | -1259 | 2892 | 6242 | -3350 |
| 4. Rupee debt service | 0 | 483 | -483 | 0 | 484 | -484 | 0 | 527 | -527 |
| 5. Other capital | 446158 | 312730 | 133428 | 289780 | 306298 | -16518 | 558286 | 382560 | 175727 |
| Total capital account (1 to 5) | 4330947 | 3742363 | 588584 | 4438572 | 3968366 | 470206 | 5673435 | 5036815 | 636620 |
| C. Errors & omissions | 13260 | 6210 | 7051 | 7040 | 9636 | -2595 | 10628 | 7313 | 3314 |
| D. Overall balance (A+B+C) | 8896306 | 8473100 | 423206 | 8917490 | 8267810 | 649681 | 11638469 | 11289351 | 349119 |
| E. Monetary movements (i+ii) | 0 | 423206 | -423206 | 0 | 649681 | -649681 | 120545 | 469664 | -349119 |
| i) I.M.F. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| ii) Foreign exchange reserves (Increase- / Decrease+) | 0 | 423206 | -423206 | 0 | 649681 | -649681 | 120545 | 469664 | -349119 |
| of which: SDR Allocation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 132346 | -132346 |
| (Continued) |
| TABLE 128 : INDIA’S OVERALL BALANCE OF PAYMENTS - RUPEES (Concld.) |
| (₹ Crore) |
| Item/Year | 2022-23 | 2023-24 | 2024-25 |
| Credit | Debit | Net | Credit | Debit | Net | Credit | Debit | Net |
| 1 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 |
| A. Current account | | | | | | | | | |
| 1. Merchandise | 3661287 | 5791926 | -2130639 | 3655128 | 5683248 | -2028119 | 3738083 | 6164452 | -2426369 |
| 2. Invisibles (a+b+c) | 3748234 | 2152369 | 1595865 | 4152104 | 2339875 | 1812229 | 4878384 | 2644369 | 2234015 |
| a) Services | 2617435 | 1463226 | 1154209 | 2824167 | 1476157 | 1348010 | 3279876 | 1680590 | 1599286 |
| i) Travel | 218653 | 228915 | -10262 | 279274 | 278887 | 388 | 289154 | 294426 | -5273 |
| ii) Transportation | 289500 | 325303 | -35803 | 241600 | 242157 | -558 | 285330 | 296164 | -10834 |
| iii) Insurance | 26306 | 18900 | 7407 | 27540 | 24164 | 3376 | 30132 | 25688 | 4444 |
| iv) G.n.i.e. | 5483 | 8189 | -2706 | 5045 | 9013 | -3968 | 5419 | 10668 | -5249 |
| v) Miscellaneous | 2077494 | 881920 | 1195573 | 2270708 | 921936 | 1348772 | 2669841 | 1053643 | 1616198 |
| of which: Software services | 1180770 | 124617 | 1056154 | 1327596 | 151207 | 1176389 | 1528441 | 177890 | 1350551 |
| Business services | 647132 | 480372 | 166760 | 733329 | 491192 | 242136 | 907836 | 563647 | 344189 |
| Financial services | 62910 | 45789 | 17121 | 66671 | 37745 | 28926 | 71681 | 34315 | 37366 |
| Communication services | 41789 | 27513 | 14276 | 24130 | 13184 | 10947 | 19905 | 17694 | 2211 |
| b) Transfers | 906560 | 94597 | 811963 | 984685 | 108470 | 876215 | 1147322 | 103230 | 1044092 |
| i) Official | 1326 | 8575 | -7249 | 1558 | 8557 | -7000 | 1411 | 11277 | -9866 |
| ii) Private | 905234 | 86022 | 819212 | 983128 | 99913 | 883215 | 1145911 | 91953 | 1053958 |
| c) Income | 224239 | 594546 | -370307 | 343252 | 755247 | -411996 | 451187 | 860550 | -409363 |
| i) Investment income | 170130 | 567019 | -396889 | 280907 | 724612 | -443704 | 380670 | 826048 | -445378 |
| ii) Compensation of employees | 54109 | 27526 | 26582 | 62344 | 30636 | 31708 | 70517 | 34502 | 36015 |
| Total Current account (1+2) | 7409521 | 7944295 | -534774 | 7807233 | 8023123 | -215890 | 8616467 | 8808821 | -192354 |
| B. Capital account | | | | | | | | | |
| 1. Foreign investment (a+b) | 3088781 | 2903490 | 185291 | 4481898 | 4033073 | 448825 | 6109419 | 6074346 | 35073 |
| a) Foreign direct investment (i+ii) | 602635 | 380751 | 221884 | 620344 | 536323 | 84021 | 711181 | 703452 | 7730 |
| i) In India | 571322 | 236307 | 335015 | 590396 | 368152 | 222244 | 680929 | 434141 | 246788 |
| Equity | 380273 | 218140 | 162134 | 379405 | 342179 | 37226 | 430135 | 417618 | 12517 |
| Reinvested earnings | 153752 | 0 | 153752 | 163704 | 0 | 163704 | 192652 | 0 | 192652 |
| Other capital | 37297 | 18168 | 19129 | 47287 | 25973 | 21314 | 58142 | 16523 | 41619 |
| ii) Abroad | 31313 | 144444 | -113131 | 29948 | 168171 | -138223 | 30252 | 269310 | -239059 |
| Equity | 31313 | 71056 | -39742 | 29948 | 75485 | -45537 | 30252 | 143902 | -113650 |
| Reinvested earnings | 0 | 35455 | -35455 | 0 | 47898 | -47898 | 0 | 57902 | -57902 |
| Other capital | 0 | 37934 | -37934 | 0 | 44787 | -44787 | 0 | 67507 | -67507 |
| b) Portfolio investment | 2486146 | 2522739 | -36593 | 3861554 | 3496749 | 364804 | 5398238 | 5370895 | 27343 |
| i) In India | 2466959 | 2500963 | -34004 | 3832234 | 3462960 | 369273 | 5372175 | 5347229 | 24947 |
| FIIs | 2466959 | 2500963 | -34004 | 3832234 | 3462960 | 369273 | 5372175 | 5347229 | 24947 |
| of which: | | | | | | | | | |
| Equity | 2198315 | 2241326 | -43011 | 3382321 | 3173627 | 208694 | 4613201 | 4749639 | -136438 |
| Debt | 268644 | 259637 | 9007 | 449913 | 289333 | 160580 | 758974 | 597590 | 161384 |
| GDRs/ADRs | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| ii) Abroad | 19187 | 21777 | -2590 | 29320 | 33789 | -4469 | 26063 | 23666 | 2397 |
| 2. Loans (a+b+c) | 809181 | 743367 | 65814 | 971173 | 917234 | 53940 | 1456999 | 1210334 | 246666 |
| a) External assistance | 93054 | 48684 | 44370 | 114554 | 52684 | 61869 | 118701 | 65681 | 53020 |
| i) By India | 253 | 721 | -468 | 284 | 1465 | -1182 | 207 | 870 | -663 |
| ii) To India | 92801 | 47963 | 44838 | 114270 | 51219 | 63051 | 118494 | 64811 | 53683 |
| b) Commercial borrowings | 167229 | 196921 | -29691 | 369354 | 370543 | -1189 | 763922 | 629136 | 134785 |
| ii) By India | 10370 | 7603 | 2767 | 92585 | 122743 | -30158 | 358676 | 380192 | -21516 |
| ii) To India | 156859 | 189318 | -32458 | 276769 | 247800 | 28969 | 405245 | 248944 | 156301 |
| c) Short term to India | 548898 | 497762 | 51136 | 487265 | 494006 | -6741 | 574377 | 515516 | 58860 |
| i) Suppliers’ Credit >180 days & Buyers’ Credit | 548898 | 447960 | 100938 | 447367 | 473354 | -25986 | 479000 | 500307 | -21306 |
| ii) Suppliers’ credit up to 180 days | 0 | 49802 | -49802 | 39898 | 20652 | 19246 | 95377 | 15210 | 80167 |
| 3. Banking capital (a+b) | 1035012 | 870089 | 164923 | 1233022 | 897238 | 335784 | 1367552 | 1452960 | -85408 |
| a) Commercial banks | 1034393 | 864910 | 169483 | 1222056 | 896644 | 325412 | 1363803 | 1451016 | -87213 |
| i) Assets | 461983 | 370868 | 91115 | 395502 | 266770 | 128732 | 393276 | 643041 | -249765 |
| ii) Liabilities | 572410 | 494042 | 78368 | 826554 | 629874 | 196680 | 970527 | 807976 | 162551 |
| of which: Non-resident deposits | 518959 | 445816 | 73143 | 733628 | 611768 | 121860 | 884328 | 748038 | 136290 |
| b) Others | 619 | 5179 | -4560 | 10966 | 594 | 10372 | 3749 | 1944 | 1805 |
| 4. Rupee debt service | 0 | 531 | -531 | 0 | 597 | -597 | 0 | 586 | -586 |
| 5. Other capital | 463798 | 406130 | 57668 | 369752 | 468202 | -98450 | 505628 | 564648 | -59019 |
| Total capital account (1 to 5) | 5396772 | 4923607 | 473165 | 7055845 | 6316343 | 739502 | 9439599 | 9302873 | 136726 |
| C. Errors & omissions | 7146 | 15587 | -8440 | 13164 | 9844 | 3320 | 16979 | 3761 | 13218 |
| D. Overall balance (A+B+C) | 12813439 | 12883489 | -70049 | 14876242 | 14349310 | 526931 | 18073046 | 18115455 | -42410 |
| E. Monetary movements (i+ii) | 242411 | 172362 | 70049 | 0 | 526931 | -526931 | 318081 | 275671 | 42410 |
| i) I.M.F. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| ii) Foreign exchange reserves (Increase- / Decrease+) | 242411 | 172362 | 70049 | 0 | 526931 | -526931 | 318081 | 275671 | 42410 |
| of which: SDR Allocation | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - |
Notes : 1. G.n.i.e.: Government not included elsewhere.
2. Data for 2024-25 are preliminary estimates.
3. Total may not tally due to rounding off.
Also see Notes on Tables.
Source : Reserve Bank of India. |